Classes and Objects In C++

Classes and Objects In C++

Classes and Objects In C++ :

Classes :

The class definition is  starts with the keyword class followed by the class name and the class body.

Syntax :

class Box {

   public:

      double length;   // Length of a box

      double breadth;  // Breadth of a box

      double height;   // Height of a box

};

The keyword public Shows that the access attributes of the members of the class that follows it.

Classes and Objects In C++

The public member can be accessed from outside the class anywhere within the scope of the class object.

And You can also specify the members of a class as private or protected which we will discuss in a sub-section.

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Objects :

An object is the blueprints for objects, so basically an object is created from a class.

Here, are two objects of the class :

Box Box1;          // Declare Box1 of type Box

Box Box2;          // Declare Box2 of type Box



And Both of the objects Box1 and Box2 will have their own copy of data members.

Classes and Objects

Class is a user defined data type so, which holds its own data members and member functions, which can be accessed and used by creating instance of that class.

The variables inside class definition are the data members and the functions are member functions.

The Class name must start with an uppercase letter.

If class name is made of more than one word, then first letter of each word must be in uppercase.

Example : class Study, class Study Tonight etc..

So, Classes contain, data members and member functions, and the access of these data members and variable depends on the access specifiers.

The Class's member functions can be defined inside the class definition or outside the class definition.

So, Class in C++ are similar to structures in C, the only difference being, class defaults to private access control, where as structure defaults to public.

The All the features of OOPS, revolve around classes in C++. Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction etc.

So, Objects of class holds separate copies of data members.

The Classes do posses more characteristics, like we can create abstract classes, immutable classes, all this we will study later.


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Objects of Classes

The Class is a blueprint or a template.

And No storage is assigned when we define a class.

The  Objects are instances of class, which holds the data variables declared in class and the member functions work on these class objects.

Each The object has different data variables.

The Objects are initialised using special class functions called Constructors.



class Abc

{

    int x;

    void display()

    {

        // some statement

    }

}; 



int main()

{

    Abc obj;   // Object of class Abc created

}

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