Types Of Operating System In Detail !!!

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Types Of Operating System - Technopedia!!!


Types Of Operating System :

1. Batch Operating System

2. Multiprogramming Operating System

3. Time Sharing Operating System

4. Multiprocessor System

5. Clustered Operating System

6. Distributed Operating System

7. Network Operating System

8. Real Time Operating System


Types Of Operating System In Detail !!!
Types Of Operating System In Detail !!!



1. Batch Operating System

Batch system process a collection of jobs,called batch. Batch is a sequence of user jobs.

Jobs is a predefined sequence of commands, programs and data that are combined into a single unit.

Each job in the batch is independent other jobs in the batch. A User can define a job control specification by constructing a file  with a sequence of commands.

Batch monitor is used to implement batch processing system.batch monitor is also called kernel. Kernel resides in one part of the computer main memory.

The memory allocator managed the main memory. Batch monitor controls the sequence events. Main memory store the batch monitor and user programs and data.

Computer operator gives a control to start the processing of a batch, the kernel sets up the processing of the first job. job was selected from the job queue and loaded into main memory. 

When a job completed execution, its memory was released and the output for the job was copied.

When a job is completed , it returns  control  to the monitor, which  immediately reads in the nest job.

Disadvantages of batch system:


  • Turn around time can be large from user standpoint.
  • Program debugging is difficult.
  • There was possibility of entering jobs in infinite loop. 
  • A job could corrupt the monitor, thus affecting pending jobs.
  • Due to lack of protection scheme, one batch job can affect pending Jobs.

Multiprogramming Batch Systems


And In this the operating system picks up and begins to execute one of the jobs from memory.

And This system job needs an I/O operation operating system switches to another job (CPU and OS always busy).

This Jobs in the memory are always less than the number of jobs on disk(Job Pool).

So, In Non-multiprogrammed system, there are moments when CPU sits idle and does not do any work.

In the Multiprogramming system, CPU will never be idle and keeps on processing.

Clustered Systems


Like other parallel systems, clustered systems gather together multiple CPUs to accomplish computational work.

And The definition of the term clustered is not concrete; the general accepted definition is that clustered computers share storage and are closely linked via LAN networking.

This Clustering is usually performed to provide high availability.

1)  Asymmetric Clustering - In this, one machine is in hot standby mode while the other is running the applications. 

2) Symmetric Clustering - In this, two or more hosts are running applications, and they are monitoring each other. 

3) Parallel Clustering - Parallel clusters allow multiple hosts to access the same data on the shared storage. 
The Clustered technology is rapidly changing. 

Clustered systems are usage and it's features should expand greatly as Storage Area Networks(SANs). 

The SANs allow easy attachment of multiple hosts to multiple storage units.

And  Current clusters are usually limited to two or four hosts due to the complexity of connecting the hosts to shared storage.

Real Time Operating System


Real Time Operating System defined as an operating system known to give maximum time for each of the critical operations that it performs, like OS calls and interrupt handling.

In While the real-time operating systems that can only guarantee a maximum of the time,

Multiprocessor Systems


This Multiprocessor system consists of several processors that share a common physical memory. 

So, Multiprocessor system provides higher computing power and speed. 

In the multiprocessor system all processors operate under single operating system. 

The Multiplicity of the processors and how they do act together are transparent to the others.

Advantages of Multiprocessor Systems

The Enhanced performance

If there is possible, system divides task into many subtasks and then these subtasks can be executed in parallel in different processors. Thereby speeding up the execution of single tasks.

Distributed Operating System


And The main benefit of this distributed systems is its low price/performance ratio.

Advantages Of Distributed Operating System

And  there are multiple systems involved, user at one site can utilize the resources of systems at other sites for resource-intensive tasks.

speedy processing.

The Less load on the Host Machine.

Types of Distributed Operating System

There are two types pf distributed operating system :

Client-Server Systems

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